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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD and are believed to boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. However, they do not solve the problem and will only help manage symptoms as long as they are used regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication could include an increase in blood pressure and heart rate as well as upset stomach anxiety and tics. Some teens and children who take stimulant drugs have a slight decrease in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant and the most commonly used drug for treating ADHD. It comes in a variety of forms such as a chewable tablet that is liquid, a long-acting orally disintegrating tablet and an extended-release pill. The drug increases the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. This can help improve concentration. It may also reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate is an effective treatment for ADHD in combination with other treatments, including behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The medication can cause a slight increase in heart rate and blood pressure. It can also cause a rapid change in blood sugar levels, and people with diabetes should be careful when taking this medication. If you encounter any of these side effects, speak with your doctor. Methylphenidate can also cause the condition known as Raynaud's phenomenon, which causes numbness and pain in the fingers and toes. This is a rare but serious side effect. It is essential to inform your doctor if these symptoms develop. There is some concerns that methylphenidate can slow children's growth, however this hasn't been proven to be the case. If you have a child receiving treatment with methylphenidate be sure to keep track of the child's weight and height carefully. If your child takes a methylphenidate tablet that contains phenylalanine, it could pose a risk to children with phenylketonuria. Ask your doctor about a different formulation of methylphenidate when you suffer from PKU. Some people are unable to take stimulants which are the primary choice of medication for treating ADHD. In these instances, doctors might prescribe another medication that works similarly. In addition to methylphenidate, there are other stimulants like dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine. These drugs are a little more potent than methylphenidate, and they can last longer. They are usually taken every day, either twice or three times however some individuals might be able take them more frequently. Psychological treatments are also available for treating ADHD however they are less likely to be effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also called Strattera and is a nonstimulant ADHD drug that boosts concentration, while decreasing the impulsivity and hyperactivity. It is part of a class called selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It works by increasing levels of dopamine and norepinephrine two chemical messengers that control brain's activity. It is a popular choice for children and adults who want a different type of medication from stimulants like Adderall and Vyvanse. It is crucial to keep in mind that atomoxetine is not effective immediately, and it may take up to 6 weeks for the effects of the medication to be evident. There is also the possibility of experiencing negative side effects, such as nausea and drowsiness. For most patients, the benefits of taking atomoxetine outweigh any risks. The efficacy of atomoxetine was confirmed in a multisite double-blind placebo-controlled trial with 297 ADHD patients ages 12 to 18. The participants were randomized to receive atomoxetine at a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg, or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group as well as the placebo group experienced reduction in depression symptoms. The atomoxetine-treated group had more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was not significant. In a second open trial that included 10 ADHD patients who did not respond to stimulants were given atomoxetine treatment for 8 weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to placebo group with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version and Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale improving significantly. One patient had to withdraw due to an outbreak of rash. In addition, three patients experienced gastrointestinal issues that were transient and one patient reported fatigue that was more severe (Kratochvil and colleagues, 2005). Talk to your doctor before you begin treatment with atomoxetine. Discuss how to treat adhd without medication in adults , including any supplements or medications you are taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as prescription medicines. It is particularly important to inform your doctor if there is narrow-angle glaucoma or a thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor or high blood pressure, heart disease, or an unusually sudden death. Also, be wary of atomoxetine in the event that you have taken an MAO inhibitor like isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection rasagiline, phenelzine, or tranylcypromine within the last 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion, a non-stimulant can help improve ADHD symptoms. It can also decrease the amount of impulsivity and improve concentration. However it doesn't affect the brain the same way that stimulants do. It's available by prescription only. Your doctor will decide on the most effective dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets and extended-release capsules. It is important to follow the directions. If you stop taking it suddenly you may experience withdrawal symptoms. It's usually taken twice or three times daily with a gap of 4-6 hours between each dose. The dosage can range from 100mg two or three times a day to 150mg three or four time each day. The drug is in the digestive system and excreted in urine. It isn't able to penetrate breast milk. However, it could enter the bloodstream and impact other organs. Bupropion can increase your blood pressure, which is why it's vital to monitor it regularly. Bupropion, in addition to improving ADHD symptoms, can also reduce depression. It can also be used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking the dopamine receptors in your brain. This stops the neurotransmitter, dopamine, from entering your brain. This helps to stabilize your mood. Bupropion may interact with other drugs. Tell your doctor if you are taking any other medication. It's important to let your doctor know that you are suffering from any allergies. Also, stay clear of caffeine and other stimulants that can make the side effects more severe. In a number of studies, bupropion was compared to placebos for adults with ADHD. These studies yielded mixed results, and a lot were not conducted properly. Many of these studies excluded patients with psychiatric co-morbidity. Nevertheless, the data suggest that bupropion has a modest impact on ADHD. However it is necessary to conduct more research to determine positive patient-centered outcomes like improvements in quality of life. Furthermore, a better understanding of the molecular subtypes of ADHD is needed before effective treatment can be created. This requires a deeper understanding of the relationship between the different molecular pathways. It's also important to understand the way that anti-ADHD medications work in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants If the stimulants prescribed to children suffering from ADHD don't work or cause adverse side effects, the doctor may consider antidepressants as a treatment. These medications, including imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), are effective in boosting the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain to help people concentrate. These are older drugs which can cause serious adverse effects, so they're usually tried only after other medications have failed. The first choice of depression treatment is typically an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake (SSRI) such as fluoxetine, sertraline or citalopram. Tricyclic antidepressants are still being used in some cases despite their long-standing history. These drugs are effective in treating pain caused by neuropathic or other, but their antidepressant effect is not the same. They increase the potency of noradrenephrine by reducing its reuptake and also act as descending modulators of pain pathways within the spinal cord. SSRIs have less risk of toxicity and less serious adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also less harmful during pregnancy and do not appear to be teratogenic to humans or animals. However, they can cause significant withdrawal symptoms if they are stopped abruptly. To reduce the risk of these side effects, your doctor might suggest reducing the dosage gradually over several weeks. Bupropion, a popular antidepressant prescribed off-label to treat ADHD but isn't FDA approved as a treatment for adhd. It is believed to increase neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine or dopamine in the brain, which increases concentration. It is also known to alleviate anxiety and stress. It can be used in conjunction with stimulants for quicker and lasting results. There are no FDA-approved nonstimulant ADHD medications, however many people find relief from herbal remedies and supplements to their diets. A diet low on fat and sugar can aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Some people may also benefit from staying clear of caffeine. It is important to inform your doctor about all the medications your child or you is taking, including prescription medications and herbal remedies. This will help prevent interactions and reduce unwanted adverse effects. ADHD medications can affect individuals differently. It could take a bit of trial and error before you discover the ideal dosage and dose for your child or you.